Breaking News

Questions for Moderna CEO, new dosing proposal for methadone, & AI-based medical notes minus human review

March 21, 2023
Reporter, Morning Rounds Writer
Good morning. We're offering Sen. Bernie Sanders some questions to ask Moderna's CEO, tracking the changing guidelines on methadone in light of fentanyl's potency, and noting Arizona's proposal to increase hepatitis care for incarcerated people.

politics

We have questions for Moderna's Stéphane Bancel

A black and white portrait of Moderna CEO Stéphane Bancel

Joel Saget/AFP via Getty Images

When Moderna's CEO takes the hot seat tomorrow at a Senate health committee hearing, he'll have to defend his company against multiple accusations from chair Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.), who has accused Stéphane Bancel and his company of pandemic profiteering. If there's one thing that irks Sanders the most, it's probably the $1.7 billion in federal grants that U.S. taxpayers bankrolled to support the development and manufacturing of its Covid-19 vaccine. But here are a few of the other questions STAT's Helen Branswell, Rachel Cohrs, and Damian Garde hope Bancel will answer:

  • Why do you think Covid shots are worth four times more now than they were at the height of the pandemic?
  • What is Moderna doing to improve the durability of its Covid vaccine against infection?
  • What does the Covid vaccine price hike tell us about what Moderna might charge for a combined Covid and flu vaccine?

Read more.


public health

Arizona vows to dramatically increase hepatitis C care among incarcerated people

People incarcerated in Arizona have historically had little chance to be tested or treated for hepatitis C, despite a once-daily pill that can cure the viral infection. Now the state Department of Corrections is promising a federal judge that it will ramp up the number of incarcerated people it tests and treats. At least 112 people in the state died from hepatitis C-related complications from 2014 to 2019, according to a recent STAT investigation, and the department estimated in 2021 that about 8,000 people were infected.

The new protocol follows a lawsuit from prison rights advocates challenging the Arizona prison system's medical and mental health care. The judge, who first proposed the changes, will have to sign off on the state's intentions. STAT's Nicholas Florko has more, including the role of Ryan Thornell, the state's new director of corrections, who oversaw an overhaul of Maine's hepatitis C treatment program in 2020.


infectious disease

Cases of fungal infection surge among the vulnerable

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Screen Shot 2023-03-20 at 2.39.43 PM

Candida auris is an emerging fungal infection that the CDC rates as an urgent threat, the agency's highest level of concern, because it's often resistant to multiple drugs and spreads so easily in certain health care settings. In a new analysis in Annals of Internal Medicine, researchers report these infections have risen dramatically since first being detected in 2016, causing illness and death in "the weakest links in the health care system's infection control network," long-term health care facilities.

C. auris is typically not a threat to healthy people, but it does pose a danger for people who are very sick and have invasive medical devices in their bodies. The worsening case counts in 2021 are likely due to the pandemic's disruption, the authors write, when the health care system was short on staff and supplies. That was also when the first cases of pan-resistant C. auris were reported in the U.S.



Closer Look

To keep up with fentanyl, rule aims to adjust dosing for methadone treatment

a health professional holds a plastic cup with one hand and pours Methadone Oral Solution in the cupPhill Magakoe/AFP via Getty Images

Here's another way fentanyl has aggravated the opioid crisis: Current guidelines for prescribing methadone to treat opioid addiction don't take into account the potency of the synthetic opioid that has overtaken the U.S. drug supply. It's so strong that patients who begin methadone treatment at a "standard" dose now experience severe withdrawal symptoms. New federal regulations are intended to make more explicit the flexibility clinicians can use, Neeraj Gandotra, chief medical officer of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, told STAT's Lev Facher.

Now opioid treatment providers need authorization to exceed the 30-milligram recommendation. The new rule would allow prescribers to go higher if they document their reasoning in the patient's record. Experts agree caution is needed with methadone, which is an opioid itself. Lev notes the proposed changes to dosage caps represent just a tiny sliver of a far broader debate about methadone access. Read more.


health tech

AI-based tool for medical note-taking add speed but  subtracts human review

When your doctor enters the exam room where you've been waiting, it's not uncommon for a medical scribe to come in, too, to sum up the visit and save physician labor. Some hospitals enlist a scribe platform based on AI to do the job, with those medical notes vetted before completion. Yesterday Microsoft-owned Nuance Communications took that one step further, offering an early adopter program to some providers that bypasses the human reviewer in its current AI platform. 

That means fully AI-generated notes are returned within minutes of a patient visit, eliminating the lag of human quality control. "We're getting much more aggressive," Peter Durlach, Nuance's chief strategy officer, told STAT. That approach and its accelerated release pose questions about the level of independent scrutiny applied to the product, STAT's Casey Ross and Brittany Trang report, especially because it's combined with the powerful but still experimental technology known as GPT-4. Read more.


Health inequities

Pulse oximeter inaccuracies in adults extend to kids

Numerous studies have shown pulse oximeters work less well in adults with darker skin, leading to erroneous readings that can overestimate the amount of oxygen in a person's blood and make them appear healthier than they really are. A new study in JAMA Pediatrics shows the same problems occur in children, STAT's Usha Lee McFarling reports. 

The authors analyzed the electronic health records of nearly 800 patients at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, comparing pulse oximeter readings with blood oxygen readings taken within one minute and found hidden hypoxemia — low blood oxygen levels not detected by the fingertip devices — in 12% of Black children compared to 4% of white children. Such errors, an accompanying editorial said, were an example of unanticipated biases in medical devices that require "systematic real-world processes to identify and correct."


More around STAT
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What we're reading

  • Top FDA official: Agency needs to start using accelerated approval for gene therapies, STAT
  • UN climate report shows world is flying blind into the storm, Politico

  • Lawmakers probe whether organ procurers are 'gaming' the systemWashington Post
  • Senator calls for probe of conflict of interest on federal panel overseeing dietary guidelines, STAT
  • Report: People happier during pandemic due to kindness, Axios


Thanks for reading! More tomorrow,


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