Breaking News

Spring Covid boosters, a disability discrimination lawsuit, & a cautionary tale of private equity in mental health care

April 19, 2023
Good morning, reporter Jason Mast filling in for Liz. Today, we have new Covid boosters, a discrimination claim against one of the biggest funders of medical research, and new cancer trial results from a Nobel Prize winner.

vaccines

FDA says some groups may get a spring booster

The FDA announced yesterday that adults ages 65 and older and immunocompromised people will be able to get an additional dose of a Covid-19 vaccine if they choose. The agency's decision follows similar moves from regulators in Canada and the U.K., although both countries set the age bar higher. Data published last week in NEJM showed that people who got a fall booster were less likely to develop a severe infection if they got Covid, but that the benefit waned over time. 

The FDA's move is part of a broader agency effort to simplify the complex regulations around shots now. The agency recommends people 65 and older wait four months after their last booster to get another one; for immunocompromised people, the suggested interval is two months. The CDC has to sign off on the new guidance but is expected to do so. STAT's Helen Branswell has more.


science

Discrimination lawsuit spotlights barriers faced by scientists with disabilities

Vivian Cheung
Courtesy Vivian Cheung; Photo Illustration: Christine Kao/STAT

In 2008, University of Michigan neurologist Vivian Cheung earned a prestigious appointment as a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator for her work on rare pediatric diseases. But after Cheung herself developed a condition so rare it doesn't have a name, which caused her to start losing her vision, she says HHMI pulled her funding and asked her to take a medical retirement rather than provide accommodation.

The allegations are part of a disability discrimination lawsuit Cheung filed in January 2020, STAT contributor Julia Métraux reports. HHMI vigorously denies the claims, saying it pulled funding because of the quality of Cheung's work. The case — centered around a prominent researcher and one of the most prestigious funders of scientific research — comes amid broader pushback from disabled scientists, who say they often face ableism from individuals within science, as well as labs that are designed in ways that make them difficult to access. 


cancer

Cancer company based on Nobel-winning research delivers first results

In 2016, six years before she would win the Nobel Prize in chemistry for her work on a sugary branch of biology, Stanford's Carolyn Bertozzi built a biotech around it. The company, Palleon Pharmaceuticals, develops drugs that act as a "lawn mower," Bertozzi tells STAT's Angus Chen, cleaving through little sugars, called glycans, that stud the surface of most cells but that cancer cells can use to tell immune cells to go to sleep.

At the American Association for Cancer Research conference yesterday, Palleon released the first results from its approach. The Phase 1/2 study didn't indicate whether the drug, called E-602, shrunk tumors, but did show it appears safe and able to help the immune system rev up. Scientists hope this approach may help some of the many patients who don't respond to current immunotherapy drugs. Read more.



Closer Look

Cautionary tale for private equity in mental health care

An illustration of a therapist speaking with a client, with many more seated clients lined up on a conveyor belt
Molly Ferguson for STAT

What happens when private equity comes for mental health care? In a new investigation, STAT's Olivia Goldhill offers a cautionary tale in Mindpath Health, a network of over 100 therapy clinics that private equity firms consolidated under a single roof in 2021.

Olivia spoke to a dozen former Mindpath employees and contractors, who described a company dominated by a desperate focus on growth, and a need to convert patients into profits — fast. Therapists were pressured to cram in as many patients as possible and to recommend transcranial magnetic stimulation, a lucrative treatment for the company. They were paid for each patient successfully referred for evaluation.

The result was layoffs, some of which left patients without support, and a shift toward psychiatrists who can see far more patients in a day than talk therapists. A Mindpath executive blamed its struggles on poor insurance payment rates, saying, "We tried to break barriers, and weren't as successful as we wanted." Read more.


public health

Fewer Americans living with unhealthy air, report finds

Scientists have long known the damage polluted air can wreak on our health, burning our lungs, disrupting our cardiovascular system, and, recent research suggests, raising our risk for neurodegenerative conditions. Nevertheless, 120 million people in the U.S. still live in areas with unhealthy air quality, according to the annual "State of the Air" report from the American Lung Association, released today. Other findings from the report, which looked at data from 2019 to 2021, include:

  • 120 million people is actually an improvement, a decline of 17.6 million from the 2022 report, which analyzed data from 2018 to 2020.
  • The improvement largely comes from lower levels of ozone, which the report attributes in part to a shift away from coal power.
  • Still, a disproportionate share — 54% — of the 120 million are people of color.

research

1 in 5 preprints on gold-standard Covid trials weren't published after a year

Preprints were essential early in the pandemic, allowing researchers to quickly communicate new findings in a deadly emergency without waiting for peer review. But they could also be vectors for poor or inaccurate information, such as the key early study on hydroxychloroquine.

In a new JAMA study, researchers looked at every preprint from a Covid-19-related randomized controlled trial released in 2020 and 2021. They had blinded reviewers examine both how complete the abstracts were, in terms of including all the needed information, and how much spin they had, meaning if the writers over-extrapolated their findings or overemphasized secondary endpoints. They also did the same for many of the published versions of the studies. 

The reviewers found that published versions were generally similar to the preprints in completeness and spin. However, about 1 in 5 preprints weren't published within 12 months of release, and these were particularly incomplete and spun, indicating that journals do select for "desirable qualities" and physicians should exercise caution in adopting treatments from preprints alone.  


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What we're reading

  • Opinion: My transplanted heart and I will die soon, New York Times
  • Define Ventures raises $460 million to fuel early-stage health tech startups, STAT
  • Duke has quietly discontinued a costly, unproven autism treatment, Vice
  • States restrict 'tranq,' animal sedative linked to overdoses, Associated Press
  • Social media is fueling enthusiasm for new weight loss drugs. Are regulators watching? KFF Health News
  • Mark Cuban's drug company creates a pharmacy network to challenge PBMs, STAT

Thanks for reading, more tomorrow! — Jason

Jason Mast is a general assignment reporter at STAT focused on the science behind new medicines and the systems and people that decide whether that science ever reaches patients.


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