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Reanimating frozen rat organs, where experts stand on suicide screening, & how 'tranq' changes overdose reversal

June 21, 2023
Reporter, Morning Rounds Writer
Good morning. Today we'll be watching a CDC advisory panel meeting to vote on the first FDA-approved RSV vaccines for older adults. But first, we have news on reanimating frozen rat organs for transplant, what an expert panel advises on depression screening, and how tranq is changing how to treat opioid overdoses.

in the lab

Freezing then rewarming rat organs animates dreams of transforming transplant medicine

A rat kidney at the ATP-Bio Bioheat and Mass Transfer Laboratory at the University of Minnesota

Caroline Yang for STAT

That's a rat kidney (above). It may not look like a vehicle for transporting dreams of stopping time, but in transplant medicine, it just might do the trick. University of Minnesota scientists have plunged the quarter-sized organ into liquid nitrogen to shock it into an icy state of suspended animation before rewarming it to transplant into a live rat. Five rats have survived this process, a paper in Nature Communications reports, a first in organ cryopreservation and rewarming that could revolutionize transplant medicine.

"This is the beginning of a very exciting journey," biomedical engineer Mehmet Toner of Harvard Medical School told STAT contributor Marion Renault. Scaling up from rats to humans will take another scientific breakthrough, he and other outside experts warned. After all, it's one thing to vitrify an organ but another to get it pumping again. "I would use caution jumping from here to frozen human kidneys off the shelf," Toner said. Read more.


mental health

Broad screening for suicide risk fails to win USPSTF endorsement

While a CDC advisory group still recommends health providers screen most adults for major depression, it has chosen not to advise broad screening for suicide risk. In renewed guidance issued yesterday, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force said there isn't sufficient evidence to recommend for or against suicide risk screening. It also does not advise screening adults over 65 for anxiety.

"The goal of questionnaires and risk scores is not to detect some hypothesized latent state of 'suicidality,' but to accurately predict future self-harm or suicide attempt, Gregory Simon, Julie E. Richards, and Ursula Whiteside of the University of Washington commented in JAMA, calling the evidence, especially for risk scores, "sparse." The USPSTF policy comes as depression and anxiety rates soar and suicide rates climb. In 2021, suicide was the ninth leading cause of death among most Americans and the second leading cause of death among people 10-14 and 20-34. STAT's Sarah Owermohle has more.


reproductive Health

What OB-GYNs say one year after the Dobbs decision 

One year ago this coming Saturday, the Dobbs decision overturning Roe v. Wade set in motion seismic changes to how OB-GYNs practice medicine. Most office-based OB-GYNs responding to the KFF 2023 National OBGYN Survey said the court decision has worsened pregnancy-related mortality (64%), deepened racial and ethnic inequities in maternal health (70%), and made it harder to bring new doctors into their specialty (55%). 

In states where abortion is banned, most (60%) say they have less freedom to make decisions, have concerns about legal risk (61%) when doing so, and think it's harder to practice within standards of care (55%). Nationally, more than half (55%) say they have seen more patients seeking contraception since the Dobbs ruling, particularly sterilization (43%) and IUDs and implants (47%). Most (80%) approve of FDA's policy change allowing certified pharmacists to dispense medication abortion pills.



Closer Look

'Tranq' is making overdoses harder to reverse

Three silhouetted people stand in the middle with images of a clock and narcan spray in the background.Molly Ferguson for STAT

Tranq has changed everything. The powerful sedative, officially called xylazine, is spreading rapidly throughout the U.S. illicit opioid supply and complicating efforts to reverse overdoses. Previous guidance about opioid overdoses was clear: Administer naloxone, then call 911. But because tranq is not an opioid, spraying naloxone in an overdosing person's nose and waiting a few minutes for them to wake up won't work. People experiencing overdoses from a combination of opioids and xylazine need far more time and care before they regain consciousness — if they wake up at all.

"Six years ago, when you would hit somebody with naloxone, they would be very responsive," Sarah Laurel of Savage Sisters in Philadelphia told STAT's Lev Facher. Now, "I started noticing that my friends, when we would hit them with Narcan, they weren't responsive. Their color was not returning, and they weren't beginning to breathe on their own." The new priority: oxygen and more time. Read more. 


health tech

A new venture plans to vet AI models and root out weaknesses 

The market for AI in health care is hot. It's also opaque. While multiple research studies on individual products and approaches have been published in scientific journals, it's hard to compare one against another to see how they stack up or might actually perform in patients. A new company hopes to fill that gap, offering a for-profit public service to evaluate AI products based on independent data designed to root out weaknesses and reveal bias. The company, called Dandelion Health, will launch a pilot program next month to test algorithms that use electrocardiograms to predict heart conditions. 

There's just one challenge: convincing AI developers to expose their products to more rigorous testing. To achieve its goal of establishing benchmarks, Dandelion needs enough data, from enough sources, to adequately assess whether a given algorithm will work across different racial, ethnic, and geographic groups. STAT's Casey Ross explains.


health inequity

Opinion: Deaths like Tori Bowie's are far too common among Black women

When three-time Olympian Tori Bowie died in her home this month from childbirth complications, she was the third of four Olympic teammates to die or nearly die in childbirth. Even Serena Williams, one of the wealthiest and most famous athletes in the world, had to repeatedly demand lifesaving care while being dismissed by her care team following an emergency C-section, Omare Jimmerson, executive director of the Tulsa Birth Equity Initiative, reminds us in a STAT First Opinion. 

These cases show that social determinants of health don't explain all health inequities. "It seems that providers are simply more comfortable talking about social determinants of health than they are with doing the hard work of tackling bias," she says. "You can be a healthy, wealthy, educated, and aware Black woman and still have a higher risk of maternal mortality. The problem is not access to care." Read more.


On the latest episode of the "First Opinion Podcast," First Opinion Editor Torie Bosch speaks with attorney Richard Hughes about how to protect and expand access to PrEP, the Supreme Court's current approach to health care, and more. Listen here.


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What we're reading

  • Exact Sciences touts accuracy of updated Cologuard cancer test, but experts want more data, STAT
  • Medical exiles: Families flee states amid crackdown on transgender care, KFF Health News
  • 'I'm Not Crazy, I'm Sick': A film dives deep into chronic Lyme disease, STAT
  • The new war on bad air, New York Times
  • Novo Nordisk sues spas and clinics for selling versions of Wegovy and Ozempic for weight loss, STAT

Thanks for reading! More tomorrow,


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