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Twinning hospitals to improve cancer care, a view on protecting PrEP access, & windfalls for the Blues

June 5, 2023
Reporter, Morning Rounds Writer
Good morning. Let's dive into some news about cancer treatment, some windfalls for Blue Cross Blue Shield companies, and some ideas on keeping PrEP available.

cancer

'20 miles away is like a world away': Twinning San Diego with Tijuana targets pediatric leukemia

GettyImages-1209374891Guillermo Arias/AFP via Getty Images

If a child develops pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common childhood cancer, chances of a cure are good — in a high-income country with access to experts. More than 80% of children treated for ALL at Rady Children's Hospital in San Diego survive, but 20 miles away in Tijuana, odds have been lower. In Mexico and other low- to middle-income countries, survival ranges from 10% to 60%. To address this disparity, in 2008 a "twinning program" paired Rady with Hospital General-Tijuana (above) to share training, expertise, research, and other resources to benefit both.

In a study presented at the cancer conference ASCO on Saturday, the survival for standard risk ALL in Tijuana went from 73% before 2012 to 100% by 2017; for high-risk ALL, from 48% to 55%. Survival rates in Mexico – and Tijuana in particular – still lag behind cure rates in high-income countries, suggesting genomic factors may also influence the results. STAT's Angus Chen has more.


asco conference

Lung, ovarian, and brain cancer therapies spark hope

ASCO is in full swing in Chicago and STAT's Angus Chen, Adam Feuerstein, and Matthew Herper are there. Here are their dispatches on three treatments for three cancers in need of them:

  • Giving the AstraZeneca drug Tagrisso to patients with non-small cell lung cancer after tumor removal reduced the risk of death by 51%, meaning about 1 in 10 patients on the drug would live another five years. Angus and Matt explain.
  • Immunogen's Elahere, an antibody delivering chemotherapy directly to tumor cells, extended the lives of women with a form of advanced ovarian cancer. Participants on the drug lived for a median of 16.5 months compared to just under 13 months for those on standard chemo. The drug also shrank tumors and delayed disease progression, Adam reports.
  • Vorasidenib, an experimental drug made by Servier Pharmaceuticals, dramatically slowed the growth of glioma if brain tumors carried a specific type of genetic alteration, potentially sparing patients exposure to radiation and chemotherapy. Progression took 11.1 months for those on a placebo but 27.7 months for those on vorasidenib. Matt has more, including a side effect.

business

Some Blue Cross Blue Shield insurers saw windfalls

Blue Cross Blue Shield companies are household names, entrenched as employer-based health insurance across the U.S. Many nonprofit and private Blues ended last year with sizable gains that added to their mountainous cash reserves, according to financial filings analyzed by STAT's Bob Herman. He points out that publicly traded health insurers weren't the only ones to amass large windfalls in 2022. These caught his eye:

  • A $203 million tax refund for Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina 
  • Nearly $1.5 billion in profit for Health Care Service Corp., parent of five Blues plans
  • A quadrupling of profit at BCBS of Alabama

Collectively, BCBS plans avoid paying $400 million of federal taxes each year due to a specific exemption written into the tax code. After a 2017 tax law change, STAT found last year, 12 Blues had not paid any federal taxes between 2018 and 2021. Read more.



Closer Look

Opinion: PrEP coverage is under fire, but there's a better way to protect it

GettyImages-107091587Justin Sullivan/Getty Images

There's another decision by a Texas judge sending shudders down public health's spine, lawyer Richard Hughes writes in a STAT First Opinion. It doesn't involve abortion but it does affect coverage of disease screenings and PrEP for HIV. A March ruling said the ACA requirement for insurers to cover care and products recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force is unconstitutional because members of that panel were not appointed by the president and approved by the Senate, violating the U.S. Constitution's appointments clause.

The case is now being appealed, but Hughes argues that instead of relying on the task force to weigh in on the latest PrEP drug, the Biden administration should move that evaluation to CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, the group we know from Covid vaccine decisions. "This could avert disruption to PrEP access for millions of Americans," he writes. Read why.


mental health

After surviving a gun injury, most children don't get timely mental health services

There are multiple horrifying numbers just in the introduction to this Pediatrics study of mental health services for kids who have survived gunshot injuries. For example: For every child who doesn't survive the leading cause of death among 10- to 17-year-olds, four children do, adding up to 11,258 kids with nonfatal injuries in 2020 whose mental health is at risk. Today researchers tell us that among 2,613 Medicaid-enrolled children age 5 to 17, their records show more than 3 in 5 children did not receive mental health services in the six months after their injuries.

Children with a previous mental health diagnosis were more likely to access and receive timely mental health care, as were the 1 in 12 children identified as needing it while being treated for their firearm injuries. White children had higher odds of using mental health services than Black children, suggesting access is inequitable.


Public health

New Jersey's Covid-prompted early release program for incarcerated people didn't crash services

In Covid-19's first year, New Jersey was among multiple states to release incarcerated people early in an attempt to reduce transmission of the virus. When the state shortened sentences by up to eight months in 2020, it prompted fears that reentry services would be overwhelmed by people with substance use disorder. A research letter in JAMA Health Forum compared releases of people with substance use disorders before the pandemic, in its first six months, and after the early releases began.

Among more than 10,000 incarcerated people, 526 required acute care for substance use and 32 people died of overdoses within 45 days after release, but the risk did not differ across the three groups. While the early release program strained New Jersey's reentry system, the researchers write, supports such as Medicaid enrollments, prerelease medications for opioid use disorder, and peer navigator programs may have made the difference.


In the U.S., Black women are three times more likely than white women to die as a result of childbirth. Black babies have an infant mortality rate that is twice as high as it is for white babies. The third episode of "Color Code" looks at efforts on Long Island to address these racial disparities. Listen here. 


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  • After outcry, UnitedHealthcare softens prior authorization policy for colonoscopies, STAT

Thanks for reading! More tomorrow,


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