Breaking News

A measles threat, a Henrietta Lacks settlement, & an ambivalent view of affirmative action

August 2, 2023
Reporter, Morning Rounds Writer
Good morning. Whether you remember having the measles, getting your shot, or seeing "MMR" on your health record, be sure to read Helen Branswell's report on the chances for measles to find its way to "susceptibles," a group that may include unsuspecting adults.

infectious disease 

Not just a childhood disease, measles threatens susceptible adults, too

Illustration of a crowd of people, mostly adults. Some with pink spots surrounding them, representing germs spreading.

Mike Reddy for STAT

When Simon Matthews, 62, was taken by ambulance to a hospital in southeastern England with a fever of 104 and a slight rash, he was sent home with a vague diagnosis of an unidentified viral infection. After a massive rash took over his body, only Nigerian doctors recognized he had measles. Most doctors practicing today, in the U.K. or the U.S., have never seen a case of measles, once rare in adults. But the first wave of children whose parents shunned vaccination in the late 1990s and early 2000s — in response to a fallacious Lancet study linking measles vaccine to autism — are now young adults. (Matthews thought he'd had measles as a child.)

Measles is hardest on babies, but in some adults, it sparks a dangerous brain inflammation or leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome. It can also induce hepatitis. Then there's measles-induced immune amnesia. STAT's Helen Branswell explains.


History

Family of Henrietta Lacks reaches settlement over use of her 'immortal' cells in research

Anyone who's been anywhere near a biomedical lab has heard of HeLa cells, those research essentials taken for granted for their ability to endlessly multiply decades after being collected from a cervical cancer patient named Henrietta Lacks. For most of us, it took Rebecca Skloot's remarkable book, "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks," to bring the woman to life. Now her family has reached a settlement with Thermo Fisher Scientific, one of many biopharma companies to have profited from Lacks' cells, which were taken without her consent in 1951.

Businesses were not the only ones to benefit: Her cells made it possible to treat polio and cancer and map the human genome. "I can think of no better present on what would have been Henrietta Lacks's 103rd birthday, than to give her family some measure of respect for Henrietta Lacks," Ben Crump, who represented the family in the case, said at a press conference yesterday. STAT's Annalisa Merelli has more.


insurance 

Labor Department alleges UnitedHealth wrongly denied claims for ER visits

So I'm not a lawyer, but I'm glad to learn that the "prudent layperson" standard exists. Part of the Affordable Care Act, it comes up in a new lawsuit filed by the U.S. Department of Labor. It alleges that a UnitedHealth Group unit called UMR illegally rejected emergency room care and urine drug screen claims for thousands of people whose health plans are self-insured by their employers. These plans must follow the prudent layperson standard, which defines an emergency medical condition as one a prudent layperson would expect to put their health in danger without medical care.

Instead, the lawsuit alleges, UMR relied solely on lists of diagnosis codes it considered true emergencies to deny the ER claims. And it failed to inform members of the appeal process. UnitedHealth said in a statement the complaint deals with practices that are no longer in effect. STAT's Tara Bannow has more.



Closer Look

Doctors who may have benefited from affirmative action also paid a price

Mike Reddy for STAT

Psychiatrist Jennifer Adaeze Okwerekwu has mixed feelings about the U.S. Supreme Court's decision to ditch affirmative action. She has no quarrel with widening educational opportunities that lead to more Black doctors and less health inequity for disadvantaged communities throughout this country. "But affirmative action policies also expose Black doctors-in-training to more racism, the effects of which both debase the intent of the practice and undermine the oath to do no harm," she writes in her column, Off the Charts. 

She survived her medical education after graduating from Harvard, where she says her top grades may have been supplemented by affirmative action policies, as classmates gossiped. Her experience at the University of Virginia brings to mind two metaphors: transplants and weathering. Affirmative action transplants people into bodies that are primed to reject them, and they weather that storm to survive, but at what cost? "Doctors are patients, too," she writes. Read more.


health inequity

Cancer researchers work to understand populations 'under-studied for so long'

Prostate cancer disproportionately affects Black men, who tend to have more dangerous and aggressive forms of the cancer. Black women are 41% more likely to die from breast cancer than white women. Researchers launching the African Cancer Genome Registry want to know why. "We've been under-studied for so long," said Sophia George, a breast cancer researcher at the University of Miami School of Medicine and a Black woman. "And now there is a movement afoot to be more intentional about studying populations that experience higher burden of disease."

George and co-primary investigator Camille Ragin, a prostate cancer researcher from Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia, are looking at genetic factors as well as socioeconomic and lifestyle factors that influence the disease. They hope to answer genetic and environmental questions across different populations, including how diet and BMI might influence the incidence of cancer, especially in young Black people. STAT's Deborah Balthazar has more.


cancer

AI-supported mammograms show preliminary promise

As we sometimes say, caveats first: This is a planned interim analysis from a single center showing potential, but not primary outcome results. Still, the news looks promising for enlisting AI to help make mammography screening better. The findings published in The Lancet Oncology show that among 80,000 women in Sweden participating in the randomized trial, AI helped detect 20% more cancers than the standard readings by two breast radiologists working without such assistance. Notably, AI support did not elevate false positives (meaning an incorrect diagnosis of a normal mammogram as abnormal). It did cut radiologists' reading time by nearly half.

We won't know for several years whether AI helped reduce what are known as interval cancers — those found between regular screenings and often with a worse prognosis — in 100,000 patients and whether its use is justified, the authors caution.


More around STAT
Check out more exclusive coverage with a STAT+ subscription
Read premium in-depth biotech, pharma, policy, and life science coverage and analysis with all of our STAT+ articles.

What we're reading

  • China is suddenly dealing with another public health crisis: mpox, MIT Technology Review
  • An abortion ban made them teen parents. This is life two years later, Washington Post
  • Microsoft strikes partnership with Duke Health to advance AI in medicine, STAT
  • Each cigarette in Canada will soon feature warnings like 'poison in every puff,' CBC News
  • EQRx, failed developer of low-priced cancer drugs, is sold for cash, STAT

Thanks for reading! More tomorrow,


Enjoying Morning Rounds? Tell us about your experience
Continue reading the latest health & science news with the STAT app
Download on the App Store or get it on Google Play
STAT
STAT, 1 Exchange Place, Boston, MA
©2023, All Rights Reserved.

No comments