Breaking News

Finding the tools to fight RSV, aiming AI at the immune system, & getting in sync with music lovers

October 6, 2023
Reporter, Morning Rounds Writer
Good morning. We're heading into a long weekend here, so look for our next newsletter on Tuesday.

infectious disease

We now have two tools against RSV, but getting them is a challenge 

RSV_Drug_39025-1

STAT/AstraZeneca via AP

Heading into fall and RSV season, there are now two kinds of protection for babies and older adults against the virus. Good news, right? Well, only if you can actually secure these new wonders. Parents of young babies are scurrying to land shots of Sanofi's new monoclonal antibody, which protects against RSV. People approaching or already in the late stages of their pregnancies are eligible for Pfizer's new maternal RSV vaccine — which will protect their infants after they are born, but they don't know when and where they'll be able to get access.

"There will definitely be some implementation challenges," Brenna Hughes, a maternal-fetal medicine specialist at Duke Health in Durham, N.C., told STAT's Helen Branswell. Then there's the cost: Beyfortus for babies is $495 a dose; the maternal vaccine is $295 a dose. Read about even more wrinkles.


cancer

Like 'living from paycheck to paycheck': Chemo drug shortage improves, but just a bit

The ongoing shortage of cancer drugs isn't ending anytime soon, and while we've been hearing more this year about doctors scrambling to meet their patients' needs, oncologists tell me that's nothing new. Chemotherapies  carboplatin and cisplatin form the backbone of treatment regimens, but because they are generic versions of drugs once protected by patents, the economic incentives to produce them have waned, along with supplies, while distribution is "dysfunctional."

A survey released yesterday by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network showed slight improvement in the academic medical centers it polled, but as one respondent said, "We have sufficient supply to treat patients, however, we never know if our back orders are going to be filled. It's still living paycheck to paycheck." I have more here, including why shortages can be worse for kids with cancer. And don't miss this scoop from my colleagues Rachel Cohrs and John Wilkerson on what may be a response from Washington. 


health care

Medicare's plan to increase nursing home staff is 'insanity,' expert says

The Biden administration wants to impose stricter staffing requirements on the nation's nursing homes, but the proposal got some pushback at yesterday's Medicare Payment Advisory Commission meeting. Right now, ​​federal law says nursing homes must have an RN on duty for 8 consecutive hours per day, 7 days a week, and a licensed nurse — either an RN or licensed practical nurse — on site 24/7. Last month, Medicare proposed requiring an RN on site 24/7. Minimum staff ratios would require 0.55 RN hours per resident day and 2.45 nursing assistant hours per resident day. 

"Recommending a staffing requirement that something like 80% of facilities cannot comply with is I think best described as the definition of policy insanity," said commissioner Brian Miller. Nursing homes are already understaffed and turnover is high, experts said, but "We need a nurse in the building," commissioner Lynn Barr countered. STAT's Tara Bannow has more.



Closer Look

Opinion: It's time to focus AI on the immune system

AdobeStock_371201073Adobe

Covid-19 wasn't the first infectious disease to show us what a black box the human immune system can be. HIV and non-communicable illnesses from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases to metabolic disorders are testament to those mysteries, too. Writing in a STAT First Opinion, Wayne Koff of the Human Immunome Project, Eric Schmidt, former CEO of Google, and Nobel laureate in immunology Peter Doherty make the case for bringing AI to bear on the immune system's network of genes, proteins, cells, and tissues, billions of times larger and more complex than the human genome mapped a generation ago. 

AI is already helping identify and improve monoclonal antibodies, and revealing predictive sequences in immune repertoires relevant to immunotherapy, they point out. "Imagine a world where we prevent pandemics before they spread, develop effective vaccines in a matter of weeks, and find ways to effectively treat cancer, Alzheimer's, and other non-communicable diseases." Read what it takes to get there, from better understanding human biology to building global cooperation. 


pandemic

Older adults are more vulnerable to Covid's dangers, but few are up to date on vaccines

From the pandemic's outset, Covid-19 has hit older adults the hardest, including those who live in nursing homes. Two new CDC reports tell us how Americans over 65 are doing when it comes to keeping up to date on vaccination against Covid. In the first one, covering this year through August, older adults made up almost two-thirds of people hospitalized with Covid, but fewer than one-quarter of these patients were up to date on the recommended bivalent Covid vaccines. In that same timeframe, older adults made up nearly 90% of Covid-associated deaths in the hospital, but only 25% were current on Covid vaccines.

The second analysis, drawn from data gathered at long-term care facilities from October 2022 to May 2023, showed up-to-date vaccine coverage was lower in the South and Southwest compared to the West and Pacific Northwest. Black and multiracial residents had lower rates of vaccination coverage than other racial and ethnic groups.


science

In sync with strangers hearing music, body and soul

in sync photoPhil Dera

I think we'd all agree that music moves us. And we'd also say our bodies — breathing, heart rate, mood — can be in sync with someone close to us. A new study in Scientific Reports asked whether that connection could be felt more widely, as in a classical music audience. To find out, researchers rigged 132 music lovers with wearable sensors for movement, heart rate, breathing rate, and electrical conductivity of the skin (a tell for arousal of the sympathetic nervous system). 

Overhead cameras watched them while a string quartet (above) played pieces by Ludwig van Beethoven, Brett Dean (the least popular), and Johannes Brahms. The participants also answered questionnaires about their personality and mood before and after the concert. And yes, there was synchronization, especially of breathing rates, in the group. But wait, there's more: People deemed the most agreeable or open based on that questionnaire were more likely to be in sync with others; those tending more to the neurotic or extroverted were less likely to be in sync.


More around STAT
Check out more exclusive coverage with a STAT+ subscription
Read premium in-depth biotech, pharma, policy, and life science coverage and analysis with all of our STAT+ articles.

What we're reading

  • America's food giants confront the Ozempic era, Wall Street Journal

  • Vegetarianism may be in the genes, study finds, NPR

  • FDA expert panel endorses idea of removing a component from flu vaccine, STAT
  • Opinion: How payer-participating trials could help transform clinical research on FDA-approved drugs, STAT

Thanks for reading! Til Tuesday,

 

P.S. How did I miss this? Don't tell my cat. 


Enjoying Morning Rounds? Tell us about your experience
Continue reading the latest health & science news with the STAT app
Download on the App Store or get it on Google Play
STAT
STAT, 1 Exchange Place, Boston, MA
©2023, All Rights Reserved.

No comments