Breaking News

Why people at the highest risk for colon cancer pay more for colonoscopies

November 29, 2023
Reporter, Morning Rounds Writer
Good morning. We have two concerning cancer stories this morning. One notes an FDA investigation into lymphoma after the cancer treatment CAR-T and the other charts the high prices patients at high risk of colorectal cancer pay for repeated colonoscopies to detect that cancer.

cancer

FDA explores whether the cancer treatment CAR-T causes lymphoma

The FDA is looking into whether CAR-T therapy, which genetically engineers a patient's white blood cells to better thwart tumor growth, can in rare cases cause the blood cancer lymphoma. "Although the overall benefits of these products continue to outweigh their potential risks for their approved uses, FDA is investigating the identified risk of T cell malignancy with serious outcomes," the agency said in a statement yesterday. 

Word of the probe puzzled experts. Penn's Carl June, one of CAR-T's original developers, said researchers should look back in time for explanations. "It is likely that previous treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy may render patients more susceptible to this event." Bruce Levine, another member of the Penn team, said that of the 800 to 900 CAR-T products manufactured at Penn, which has its own facilities for making the product, cases of lymphoma resulting from the treatment had never been seen. STAT's Angus Chen, Matthew Herper, and Jason Mast have more.


special report

The cancer prevention paradox: High risk, high cost

ACAParadox_Illustration_MollyFerguson_111523 Molly Ferguson for STAT

Sometimes doing the right thing can cost you. A lot. Ashley Conway-Anderson's first colonoscopy, for example, made sense because of her mother's cancer and because an 11-millimeter precancerous polyp was removed. Then she got the bill: $12,000 after insurance for a procedure her doctors say should be repeated every three years. "I was floored," she said. "I was like, I can't pay this."

It's a paradox in cancer prevention. Screening is free, but surveillance is not. Perversely, patients least likely to get colorectal cancer are most likely to have screening covered by insurance, while patients most likely to get colorectal cancer are most likely to be stuck with the bill. (Conway-Anderson got off lucky: Her copay was waived — this time.) Colorectal cancer is one of the few cancers that can be entirely prevented if a suspicious polyp is caught at the right time, STAT's Angus Chen reminds us. Read more.


reproductive health

Texas Supreme Court weighs future of medical exceptions to abortion ban

The Supreme Court of Texas heard a case yesterday that could have broad implications for abortion rights in the state. Twenty women and two ob-gyns, represented by the Center for Reproductive Rights, are challenging the state's abortion laws, which currently ban abortions after six weeks but permit them in the case of "medical emergencies." This wording, the plaintiffs say, is too vague, leaving doctors afraid to administer medically necessary abortions for fear of legal repercussions — including up to 99 years in jail, fines of up to $100,000, and losing their license. 

A lower court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs in August, issuing an injunction on persecuting doctors for performing abortions they deem medically necessary, but the state stayed the order, leading to Tuesday's hearing. STAT's Annalisa Merelli notes that if the Texas Supreme Court decides to rule on the merit of the law, the decision could establish that abortions provided for health reasons is protected by the state's constitution.



closer look

Mayo Clinic bets $5 billion on tech-heavy expansion

mayo clinic

Mayo Clinic

Mayo Clinic is investing $5 billion to revamp its medical campus in Rochester, Minn., seeking a fusion of digital technologies with its vision of future clinical care, the health care giant said yesterday. Five new buildings will merge traditional medical services with a growing portfolio of AI and digital tools embedded into the structures. "It blurs the lines between digital and physical," Mayo's chief executive, Gianrico Farrugia, told STAT's Casey Ross.

Clinical floors will be reimagined to combine inpatient recovery, surgery, and imaging technology. AI and predictive tools will help plan care and hospital operations, and expose escalating risks and emergent clinical problems. The project means making bets on how data-driven predictive tools might change care in the years ahead. More certain is the need for more hospital beds as the population ages, industry analyst Allan Baumgarten said. "The constraints on how many patients (Mayo) can see is in fact a capacity question." Read more.


chronic disease

Coronary heart disease by 45 linked to later dementia

Coronary heart disease — in which blocked arteries can starve the heart of oxygen-rich blood — shares certain risk factors with dementia, such as hypertension, diabetes, and smoking. Now research out today in the Journal of the American Heart Association tells us people who have coronary heart disease diagnosed before age 45 have a higher risk of dementia (36%), Alzheimer's disease (13%), and vascular dementia (78%) compared to people who don't. The earlier coronary heart disease occurs, the higher the risk of dementia.

The researchers combed through more than 430,00 U.K. Biobank records, following patients for 13 years. Two limitations: The observational study can't establish cause and effect, and because the study population was 94% white, its results may not apply to other groups. Still, the authors urge doctors to pay attention to the cognitive status of patients with coronary heart disease, particularly if diagnosed at a young age.


drug shortages

To rev up the domestic supply chain for scarce drugs, a jump-start from the Cold War 

The Defense Production Act dates back to the Cold War, but the last two U.S. presidents have wielded it for health reasons. During the height of the pandemic, Presidents Trump and Biden each used it to boost production of ventilators and protective equipment, and Biden later invoked it during the baby formula shortage. Now Biden is calling on the law to bolster  domestic pharmaceutical manufacturing in order to ease drug shortages. Announced at the first meeting of the supply chain resilience council, the move allows the government to require private companies to make materials deemed necessary for national defense, in this case essential medicines and medical countermeasures.

That means the White House will spend $35 million to promote domestic production of key starting materials for sterile injectables — the drugs hospitals commonly use and the most prone to shortages. Chemotherapies are also in short supply while both the White House and Congress try to fix the problem. A  Senate committee announced its own hearing on the issue later yesterday. STAT's John Wilkerson has more.


In this week's First Opinion podcast, First Opinion Editor Torie Bosch talks with Peter Kramer about how the country's relationship with antidepressants has changed since the publication of his book "Listening to Prozac" three decades ago. Listen here.


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