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A CRISPR-edited pig liver, a possible clue to long Covid, & pharma CEOs may face Senate subpoenas

January 19, 2024
Reporter, Morning Rounds Writer
Good morning. Today we start with pig livers gene-edited to help humans, check in on prospects for a long Covid test, and learn what readers told Tara Bannow about pumping while at health care conferences.

xenotransplantation

CRISPR-edited pig liver passes first test in supporting  brain-dead human

eGenesis_Pig-1600x900-1Courtesy Liz Linder/eGenesis

When I hear about eGenesis, a pioneer in xenotransplantation deploying CRISPR to edit viruses out of pig organs, I think of its mission to solve the shortage of organs. That's still its goal, but now the company is working with researchers at Penn Medicine to use human-friendly pig organs as a bridge for critically ill patients waiting to get better or to receive a human transplant. The technique is called extracorporeal perfusion and it circulates a patient's blood through a genetically engineered pig organ kept alive in an incubator. Yesterday researchers said the procedure passed its first test in a brain-dead human.

STAT's Megan Molteni describes it as "kind of like dialysis, except the guts of the machine are literal guts, from a pig." Mike Curtis, eGenesis's CEO, told her "it's not xenotransplant, but it's a technology and a product that can fulfill a huge unmet need." Caveat: Data from this experiment have not been published or made available as a preprint. Read more.


pandemic

Long Covid's signs of immune dysregulation in the blood could lead to a test, scientists hope

Carlo Cervia-Hesler and his colleagues at the University of Zurich began following Covid patients from the start of the pandemic. It wasn't too deep into 2020 before they noticed some people just weren't getting better, troubled by the fatigue, brain fog, and other problems now familiar as long Covid symptoms. His team reported in a Science paper yesterday that changes in immune activity found in blood serum might one day lead to a much-needed diagnostic test. 

"We really wanted to find something we could use to give patients because many are stigmatized as psychiatric patients who need treatment. Or the care they get, it's often the wrong one because it's difficult to objectify what they are reporting," he told me. I have more here on how they discovered what could be a vicious cycle in a dysregulated complement system, which bridges innate and adaptive immunity, and how this discovery fits with other research.


politics

Sanders suggests subpoenas for two pharma CEOs to explain high drug prices

In a highly unusual step, Senate health committee chair Bernie Sanders is moving toward subpoenas for the CEOs of drug giants Johnson & Johnson and Merck related to an investigation into high drug prices in the U.S., he announced yesterday. How unusual?  The health committee hasn't issued a subpoena in more than 40 years.

Sanders (I-Vt.) had invited J&J CEO Joaquin Duato, Merck CEO Robert Davis, and Bristol Myers Squibb CEO Chris Boerner to testify at a Jan. 25 hearing on the high costs of prescription drugs here compared with other countries. Only Boerner agreed to testify, and only if at least one other CEO participated. Sanders will hold a committee vote on issuing the two subpoenas, and on authorizing an investigation into high drug costs, on Jan. 31, according to a notice obtained by STAT's Rachel Cohrs. Merck and J&J did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Read more.



closer look

It's not just JPM: Pumping breastmilk in bathrooms is common at health care conferencesAdobeStock_386498022

Adobe 

Nearly 100 people reached out to STAT's Tara Bannow to comment on her column about the difficulty of pumping at the J.P. Morgan Healthcare Conference in San Francisco last week. Breastfeeding moms told similar stories of pumping in bathroom stalls while attending conferences important for their jobs. Then there's this: The founder of one biotech company said she did so right before presenting on stage.

Many women endure such situations in silence for fear of jeopardizing their careers, they told Tara. Most of them declined to speak on record. "There's this thing about being a female," said Aoife Brennan, CEO of the biotech firm Synlogic and a three-time mom who has pumped in many a bathroom stall. "You just want to show that you're on par with the guys and so asking for any sort of accommodation just feels like a weakness." Read more, including some history.


health

Women pay a price in poorer health, report says

Women spend 25% more of their lives — an average of nine years — in poor health than men, according to a new report from the World Economic Forum. Around 5% of women's health gap concerns reproductive health, the report estimates, but only 2% of the global investment in medical research is directed toward improving it, STAT's Annalisa Merelli tells us.

The report also notes that there are systemic problems even in areas where research is being conducted. Trials focus disproportionately on men, leading to 65% of interventions — such as asthma inhalers — being less effective for women than men. Plus, women have a harder time accessing treatment. Diagnosing women with conditions like cancer or diabetes can take, on average, years longer than men, and specifically female issues such as endometriosis can take a decade to be identified.

These issues have a cost, and not for women alone: The WEF estimates that closing the gender gap, thus allowing women to more fully engage in the workforce, could increase the global GDP by $1 trillion by 2040.


health tech

Coming soon to an electronic health record near you: AI for clinical notes

Microsoft will launch its artificial intelligence tool for automating clinical documentation within health records software made by Epic, the company said yesterday, a move to embed the technology in health systems nationwide. That would be a shortcut to the note writing that now takes up what clinicians say is too much of their time. Here's how it would work: Dax Copilot will automatically draft notes through the Epic mobile app Haiku, which clinicians can immediately review. Hospitals and clinics already use this AI tool, but including it in software made by Epic, the largest seller in this space, will vastly broaden its reach. 

Yesterday's announcement arrives as federal regulators are only beginning to consider ways to evaluate products that rely on generative AI, STAT's Casey Ross and Brittany Trang note. Generative AI systems are designed to produce open-ended answers — the accuracy of which, and value in performing a task, is left to the judgment of the user. Read more about how this may play out.


More around STAT
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Read premium in-depth biotech, pharma, policy, and life science coverage and analysis with all of our STAT+ articles.

What we're reading

  • Drugmakers raise prices of Ozempic, Mounjaro, and hundreds of other drugs, Wall Street Journal

  • Kids of color get worse health care across the board in the U.S., research finds, NPR

  • What could happen in the first nitrogen execution in the U.S.? Vomiting, seizures, stroke, The Marshall Project
  • Humana slashes profit predictions amid soaring Medicare Advantage costs, STAT
  • How much less to worry about long Covid now, The Atlantic

  • Opinion: The necessary roughness of 2023 has set up a very promising 2024 for biotech jobs, STAT

Thanks for reading! More tomorrow,


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