Breaking News

Why women get more ACL tears — and how to prevent them

August 2, 2024
britt-tran-avatar-teal
Health Tech Reporter

Over the past couple years, I've loved learning way too much about puzzles from YouTuber Karen Puzzles, who was recently featured in a New York Times article about speed puzzling.

If you've been enjoying the Olympics and want to feel that adrenaline rush while sitting down, it's not too late to register for the World Jigsaw Puzzling Championship in Spain.

hospitals

What the blood culture bottle shortage means for patient care

photo-illo-blood-culture-bottles

Illustration: Christine Kao/STAT; Photo: Wikimedia Commons

Last week, we brought you news of a nationwide shortage of blood culture bottles. What the heck are those? Well, they're tools that allow hospital labs to identify the bacteria causing bloodstream infections like sepsis and give patients the right life-saving antibiotics. And the bottles are specific to which brand of analyzing struments labs use, so it's almost impossible for hospitals to switch.

BD — the manufacturer that supplies about half the nation's labs with these bottles — says it is struggling to keep up with demand since its single supplier of plastic bottles is having issues "more complex than the supplier originally communicated." Some hospitals are getting 30% or less of their normal shipments.

I talked to hospital execs and lab managers about how this shortage is affecting patient care; what questions they have for the FDA, CDC, and CMS; and how to fix the ongoing supply chain problems that have only gotten worse since the pandemic. Read more here.


cancer

ARPA-H sets ambitious goal for at-home cancer testing

Though the future of Biden's Cancer Moonshot hangs in the balance of the upcoming presidential election, he also helped establish a more enduring federal health research effort: ARPA-H. The agency, tasked with investing in breakthrough technologies that can transform health and medicine, announced yesterday that it has set yet another ambitious goal: an at-home cancer test that can detect over 30 stage 1 cancers using only breath or urine samples.

The effort, known as the POSEIDON program, will award funding to multiple proposals. The program also has an agreement with the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Screening Research Network (CSRN) under which teams that successfully complete the POSEIDON program can enter into the CSRN for further clinical trials.

"So many Americans do not have access to cancer screening, particularly underserved communities," ARPA-H director Renee Wegrzyn said in a press release. "Access to a low-cost cancer screening test that does not need a lab test is so critical to preventing late-stage diagnoses, increasing survival rates, and reducing high treatment costs."


reproductive health

Estimating gestational age — without the sonographers

Figuring out how far along a pregnancy has progressed often requires experienced sonogram techs. A new study in JAMA suggests AI could help clinicians without that expertise better estimate gestational age. 

The study compared estimates of gestational age made by experienced sonographers to estimates made by an AI using images taken by a clinician inexperienced in sonography. It found that the results from the AI-equipped handheld sonography device were as accurate as the traditional devices and experienced technicians for fetuses between 14-27 weeks as well as those between 38-36 weeks, but not at or after 37 weeks. 

As STAT's Eric Boodman has told us in the past, ultrasound-based gestational age estimates are much less precise than we often think, and come with major repercussions when it comes to abortion restrictions.



closer look

Why women get more ACL tears

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Cameron Brink of the Los Angeles Sparks

Female athletes are absolutely killing it at the Olympics. But did you know that there are a bunch of women athletes sitting out the 2024 Games because of ACL tears, and that women are three to six times more likely to endure an ACL tear than men?

In a STAT First Opinion, sports medicine physician Amy West explains that there's research showing estrogen can contribute to the stretchiness of ligaments like the ACL, and that in the second half of the menstrual cycle, progesterone may reduce the body's ability to recover from physical activity. 

Woman are often left out of scientific research because their hormonal cycles make studies too complicated, writes West, but she and colleagues are studying 180 female collegiate athletes to find the relationship between injury and menstrual cycles. Read more from West, along with this 2023 STAT piece on how the gendered research gap is hurting women athletes.


research

I'm so FANCI

Here at STAT, we cover a lot of things that can increase cancer risk, such as tobacco, alcohol, sun exposure, chemicals, and pollution. Many of these cause DNA damage, the cumulative effect of which can lead to cancer — but researchers are still learning exactly how DNA damage and repair processes work.

In a new study in Nature, researchers figured out the longstanding mystery of why a protein complex called FANCD2-FANCI is involved in so many DNA repair processes, including CRISPR ones. 

For DNA to replicate correctly, both strands of the DNA helix have to "unzip" from each other, make copies, and then re-zip themselves together. But sometimes, the strands get "cross-linked" together — the equivalent of a zipper that gets stuck. Using single-molecule imaging and cryo electron microscopy, the researchers figured out how FANCD2-FANCI recognizes damaged DNA and repairs it. They visualized how the complex slides along the DNA strand and accumulates at these jammed junctions and also found that it safeguards these "stuck" areas of DNA, protecting them from enzymes that might come along and further chew them up.


first opinion

Will caregiving be in the spotlight in the 2024 election?

At one of her earliest campaign speeches last month, vice president Kamala Harris addressed a room of campaign workers in Delaware and talked about caregiving. "We believe in a future where every person has access to paid family leave and affordable childcare," she said, to whoops and claps from the audience. 

"Harris' spotlight on the care economy was short — less than 20 seconds of her roughly 30 minute-long speech — but it sparked excitement among care advocates and policy wonks," writes Jason Resendez, president and CEO of the National Alliance for Caregiving, in a STAT First Opinion.

Voters across the political spectrum — 84% of Democrats and 70% of Republicans — consider a candidate's stance on caregiving issues a crucial factor in their voting decisions, and there are many bipartisan solutions available to support those caring for loved ones, writes Resendez. Read more.


More around STAT
Check out more exclusive coverage with a STAT+ subscription
Read premium in-depth biotech, pharma, policy, and life science coverage and analysis with all of our STAT+ articles.

What we're reading

  • The health care stances of 5 leading candidates to be Harris' VP, STAT

  • Aspirin can slash colon cancer rates in high-risk patients, Harvard researchers report, The Boston Globe

  • Let's not fool ourselves about yogurt, The Atlantic

  • As world warms, global heat deaths are grossly undercounted, Yale e360

  • Address liquid biopsy disparities today to ensure equity in outcomes tomorrow, STAT


Thanks for reading! More on Monday — Brittany


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