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Exclusive: The FDA's surprise blood cancer drug rejection

February 27, 2026

Hello. Angus Chen, STAT's cancer reporter, here.

I was a bit intrigued by a study in Cell Reports Medicine this week, showing that a modified anti-CTLA-4 checkpoint inhibitor might be helpful when combined with hormone therapy in prostate cancer. This is notable in part because immunotherapy hasn't been that effective in prostate cancer, and standard hormone therapy tends to desensitize prostate tumors to immune checkpoint blockade.

Scientists at Mayo Clinic and Columbia University added the immunotherapy, BMS-986218, to androgen deprivation therapy in a small trial. 24 patients with high risk, local stage prostate cancer were randomized to either receive just hormone therapy or the combination prior to prostate removal. There doesn't seem to be a strong efficacy signal, but the combination seemed to create some interesting immune changes that could be signs of anti-cancer immune activity. For instance, it seemed to deplete the tumor of T regulatory cells, which are immunosuppressive, and activate other immune cells.

If that's right, it might mean improvements in immune checkpoint blockade drugs could be a useful tool in getting immunotherapy to work in more cancers like prostate cancer.

Sarah Silbiger/Getty Images

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